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 | We believe the primary purposes of a bond portfolio are to produce a secure stream of income and to reduce portfolio risk. Therefore, we invest only in high quality issues and avoid the junk bond market
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 | In managing bond portfolios, we focus on anticipated changes in the level and shape of the yield curve. This determines where our investments are made
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 | We typically utilize a ladder of maturities to further reduce risk and lengthen and shorten the center of the ladder as conditions dictate
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 | For tax-free entities, such as retirement accounts, we primarily use governments — Treasuries and Agencies. For taxable accounts, we use high quality municipals
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